Invariably short of money, […] The immediate conflict was not ended until 1494, after Innocent VIII's death. The pope named two saints during his pontificate: Catherine of Vadstena (1484) and Leopold III (1485). To Valori, he had become 'an inert mass of flesh, incapable of assimiliating any nourishment but a few drops of milk from a young woman's breast'.[19]. [8] Cem died in Capua on 25 February 1495 on a military expedition under the command of King Charles VIII of France to conquer Naples. Pope Innocent VIII(Latin: Innocentius VIII; 1432 – 25 July 1492), born Giovanni Battista Cybo(or Cibo), was head of the Catholic Churchand ruler of the Papal Statesfrom 29 August 1484 to his death. "During his Pontificate, the glory of the discovery of a new world."). He is known in Budapest as the "Saviour of Hungary". In December 1688, Innocent received the diplomatic mission sent to the Vatican by Narai, the King of Siam. In season, he hunted at Castello della Magliana, which he enlarged. Using his influence to provide for […] Giovanni Battista's early years were spent at the Neapolitan court. Kors, Alan Charles; Peters, Edward (2000). A mysterious inscription on his tomb in Saint Peter in Rome states: “Nel tempo del suo Pontificato, la gloria della scoperta di un nuovo mondo” (transl. Shortly after his coronation, Innocent VIII addressed a fruitless summons to Christendom to unite in a crusade against the Turks. After Innocent XI in 1689, he was buried in St. Peter's Basilica. He was elected pope unanimously in September 1676, and took the name Innocent XI. "Witchcraft in Spain: The Testimony of Martín de Castañega's Treatise on Superstition and Witchcraft (1529)". His death, however, prevented the realisation of Innocent IX's schemes. Both the papal letter appended to the work and the supposed endorsement of Cologne University for it are problematic. In exchange for maintaining the custody of Cem, Bayezid paid Innocent VIII 120,000 crowns, a relic of the Holy Lance and an annual fee of 45,000 ducats. [17] The slaves of Innocent were called "moro", meaning "dark-skinned man", in contrast to negro slaves who were called "moro nero".[18]. Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски. In March 1489, Cem was transferred to the custody of Innocent VIII. Cem's presence in Rome was useful because whenever Bayezid intended to launch a military campaign against the Christian nations of the Balkans, the Pope would threaten to release his brother. [16] In the case of Innocent he permitted trade with Barbary merchants in which foodstuffs would be given in exchange for slaves who could then be converted to Christianity. Pope Innocent VIII (Latin: Innocentius VIII; 1432 – 25 July 1492), born Giovanni Battista Cybo (or Cibo), was Pope from 29 August 1484 to his death in 1492. Pope Alexander VIII (22 April 1610 – 1 February 1691), born Pietro Vito Ottoboni, was Pope from 6 October 1689 to his death in 1691. However, in 1503, after the death of Pope Alexander VI, he returned to Rome determined to become the next pope. Arano Cybo was viceroy of Naples and then a senator in Rome under Pope Calixtus III (1455–58). Cardinal Pignatelli was elected pope on 12 July 1691; and he chose to be called Innocent XII. It is also worth mentioning that Innocent VIII battled with unsuccessful insistence to promote a great crusade. Son of the viceroy of Naples, Battista spent his early years at the Neapolitan court. Both the papal letter appended to the work and the supposed endorsement of Cologne University for it are problematic. The letter of Innocent VIII is not an approval of the book to which it was appended, but rather a charge to inquisitors to investigate diabolical sorcery and a warning to those who might impede them in their duty, that is, a papal letter in the by then conventional tradition established by John XXII and other popes through Eugenius IV and Nicholas V (1447–55).[12]. In 1467, he was made Bishop of Savona by Pope Paul II, but exchanged this see in 1472 for that of Molfetta in south-eastern Italy. [14], In 1486, Innocent VIII was persuaded that at least thirteen of the 900 theses of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola were heretical, and the book containing the theses was interdicted. Ferdinand's oppressive government led in 1485 to a rebellion of the aristocracy, known as the Conspiracy of the Barons, which included Francesco Coppola and Antonello Sanseverino of Salerno and was supported by Pope Innocent VIII. In order to prevent the election of the Venetian Cardinal Barbo, Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, on the evening before the election, after the cardinals had retired for the night, the Dean of the College of Cardinals, Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere, nephew of the late Pope, and Cardinal Borgia, the Vice-Chancellor, visited a number of cardinals and secured their votes with the promise of various benefices. Cats are the #1 rat predators. On the request of German inquisitor Heinrich Kramer, Innocent VIII issued the papal bull Summis desiderantes (5 December 1484), which supported Kramer's investigations against magicians and witches: The bull was written in response to the request of Dominican Heinrich Kramer for explicit authority to prosecute witchcraft in Germany, after he was refused assistance by the local ecclesiastical authorities,[10] who disputed his authority to work in their dioceses. On the request of German inquisitor Heinrich Kramer, Innocent VIII issued the papal bull Summis desiderantes (5 December 1484), which supported Kramer's investigations against magicians and witches: The bull was written in response to the request of Dominican Heinrich Kramer for explicit authority to prosecute witchcraft in Germany, after he was refused assistance by the local ecclesiastical authorities,[10] who disputed his authority to work in their dioceses. The letter of Innocent VIII is not an approval of the book to which it was appended, but rather a charge to inquisitors to investigate diabolical sorcery and a warning to those who might impede them in their duty, that is, a papal letter in the by then conventional tradition established by John XXII and other popes through Eugenius IV and Nicholas V (1447–55).[12]. (Innocent III, DS 795/425) Pope Paul III, 1534-1549. Pope Innocent XI (Latin: Innocentius XI; 16 May 1611 – 12 August 1689), born Benedetto Odescalchi, was Pope from 21 September 1676 to his death on August 12, 1689. [6], The papal conclave of 1484 was rife with factions, while gangs rioted in the streets. When Innocent VIII lay dying, his doctors decided that they would try a blood transfusion. cf., Joyy et al., Witchcraft and Magic In Europe, p. 239 (2002). In exchange for maintaining the custody of Cem, Bayezid paid Innocent VIII 120,000 crowns, a relic of the Holy Lance and an annual fee of 45,000 ducats. A protracted conflict with King Ferdinand I of Naples was the principal obstacle. The secular power can without mortal sin carry out a sentence of death, provided it proceeds in imposing the penalty not from hatred but with judgment, not carelessly but with due solicitude. Also in 1487, Innocent issued a bull[13] denouncing the views of the Waldensians (Vaudois), offering plenary indulgence to all who should engage in a Crusade against them. That was it for cats. Some scholars view the bull as "clearly political", motivated by jurisdictional disputes between the local German Catholic priests and clerics from the Office of the Inquisition who answered more directly to the pope. However, the sultan paid the Knights a large amount to keep Cem captive. Defeated by his brother's armies, Cem sought protection from the Knights of St. John in Rhodes. Innocent died on 27 September 1700 and was succeeded by Pope Clement XI (1700–1721). Roman Catholic Pope, 1676-89. Pope Innocent VIII (1432 – 25 July 1492), born Giovanni Battista Cybo (or Cibo), was Pope from 29 August 1484 to his death in 1492. Kramer would later claim that witchcraft was to blame for bad weather. [16] In the case of Innocent he permitted trade with Barbary merchants in which foodstuffs would be given in exchange for slaves who could then be converted to Christianity. After being moved the first time in 1606 to the so-called aisle of the Sudarium, the monument to Pope Innocent VIII was placed in its current location in 1621, and arbitrarily recomposed. [17] The slaves of Innocent were called "moro", meaning "dark-skinned man", in contrast to negro slaves who were called "moro nero".[18]. The process of canonization was begun in 1714 and suspended in 1744. Cem was later sent to the castle of Pierre d'Aubusson in France. Boniface VIII, original name Benedetto Caetani, (born c. 1235—died October 11, 1303, Rome [Italy]), pope from 1294 to 1303, the extent of whose authority was vigorously challenged by the emergent powerful monarchs of western Europe, especially Philip IV of France. ", Minnich (2005) notes that the attitude of Renaissance popes towards slavery, a common institution in contemporary cultures, varied. A mysterious inscription on his tomb in Saint Peter in Rome states: “Nel tempo del suo Pontificato, la gloria della scoperta di un nuovo mondo” (transl. Cem's presence in Rome was useful because whenever Bayezid intended to launch a military campaign against the Christian nations of the Balkans, the Pope would threaten to release his brother. Innocent VIII Was the First Pope to Acknowledge His Illegitimate Children Openly Cardinal Giovanni Cibo lived a worldly life before the curia elected him Innocent VIII in 1484. ), of an old Genoese family. Alberto de' Capitanei, archdeacon of Cremona, responded to the bull by organizing a crusade to fulfill its order and launched an offensive in the provinces of Dauphiné and Piedmont. The following year, Pope Innocent supported the barons in their failed revolt. In 1473, with the support of Giuliano Della Rovere, later Pope Julius II, he was made cardinal by Pope Sixtus IV, whom he succeeded on 29 August 1484 as Pope Innocent VIII. "During his Pontificate, the glory of the discovery of a new world."). Viewing his brother as a rival, the Sultan paid the pope not to set him free. 1432 – 25 July 1492 Pope Innocent VIII (; 1432 – 25 July 1492), born Giovanni Battista Cybo (or Cibo), was the head of the Catholic Church from 29 August 1484 to his death in 1492. His tomb at St. Peter's Basilica was sculpted by Filippo della Valle. [8] Cem died in Capua on 25 February 1495 on a military expedition under the command of King Charles VIII of France to conquer Naples. Pope … The pope died in Perugia less than a year after the council ended. Pope Innocent XI. for his worldly ambitions.[26]. Also in 1487, Innocent issued a bull[13] denouncing the views of the Waldensians (Vaudois), offering plenary indulgence to all who should engage in a Crusade against them. They were executed in large numbers. Constantly confronted with a depleted treasury, he resorted to the objectionable expedient of creating new offices and granting them to the highest bidders. Birthplace: Como, Italy Location of death: Rome, Italy Cause of death: unspecified. His successor would later turn the building into the Cortile del Belvedere. Christopher Columbus and the betrayed Pope) is convinced of this after having studied Columbus's papers for over 25 years. Darst, David H. (15 October 1979). In a fairly unimpressive papacy, the elderly pope became the first pontiff to publicly announce that he fathered illegitimate children. The 1492 papal conclave (6–11 August) was convened after the death of Pope Innocent VIII (25 July 1492). Pope. About Pope Innocent VIII Born at Genoa, 1432; elected 29 August, 1484; died at Rome, 25 July, 1492. 1380–? In Rome he became a priest in the retinue of Cardinal Calandrini, half-brother to Pope Nicholas V (1447–55). ", Minnich (2005) notes that the attitude of Renaissance popes towards slavery, a common institution in contemporary cultures, varied. Bayezid II ruled as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. Shortly after his coronation, Innocent VIII addressed a fruitless summons to Christendom to unite in a crusade against the Turks. Christopher Columbus and the betrayed Pope) is convinced of this after having studied Columbus's papers for over 25 years. Sultan Bayezid sent a messenger to France and requested Cem to be kept there; he agreed to make an annual payment in gold for his brother's expenses. [6], The papal conclave of 1484 was rife with factions, while gangs rioted in the streets. 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