2016 Sep 1;21(35):30328. 2015 Feb;21(2):359-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4313657/, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25625872?tool=bestpractice.com. Zika virus infects the adult human brain and causes memory deficits in animal models Sep 05, 2019 New research suggests anti-viral role for anti-AXL candidate against Zika virus For now, the best way to prevent infection is to avoid mosquito bites and reduce mosquito habitats. Paz-Bailey G, Rosenberg ES, Doyle K, et al. Zika virus infection in pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro. [116]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Petersen E, Wilson ME, Touch S, et al. Pediatr Radiol. Teratogenic effects of the Zika virus and the role of the placenta. [92]Villamil-Gomez WE, Gonzalez-Camargo O, Rodriguez-Ayubi J, et al. [121]Bardina SV, Bunduc P, Tripathi S, et al. Zika virus is a single-stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family (genus Flavivirus), and is related to the dengue, yellow fever, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. March 2016 [internet publication]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27629942?tool=bestpractice.com Antibodies to dengue virus enhance infection by Zika virus . BMJ. Especially high-risk areas include several of the Pacific Islands, a number of countries in Central, South and North America, and islands near West Africa. A systematic review, pooled analysis and lessons learned. http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc1607262 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2819875/ Email. Stay up to date on Zika virus case numbers on the CDC's Zika virus website. Zika virus disease is caused by a virus from the Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family, from the Spondweni group. Zika virus is most often spread to humans by the bite of an Aedes species mosquito that is infected with the virus. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27274588?tool=bestpractice.com 2016 Jun;7(2):220. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011 May;17(5):880-2. WHO/RHR/19.4. Driggers RW, Ho CY, Korhonen EM, et al. 2016 Sep;16(9):1000-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27427201?tool=bestpractice.com. Evidence suggests that the virus is present in semen and urine for longer periods than in blood or saliva. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6514e1.htm?s_cid=mm6514e1_w pii: 20751. JMM Case Rep.2016 Dec 19;3(6):e005072. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31075077?tool=bestpractice.com, Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer, © BMJ Publishing Group document.write(new Date().getFullYear()). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4866861/, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27174284?tool=bestpractice.com. Detection of Zika virus in urine. Gourinat AC, O'Connor O, Calvez E, et al. Cuevas EL, Tong VT, Rozo N, et al. [120]Li H, Saucedo-Cuevas L, Regla-Nava JA, et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27329551?tool=bestpractice.com Through the placenta, they can transmit the virus to their fetuses. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26071336?tool=bestpractice.com Its infection is caused by the bite of an infected Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-vectored flavivirus, was first isolated in 1947 from a sentinel research monkey caged in the Zika forest canopy within Uganda [1,2].Soon after discovery, ZIKV was observed to infect humans [].Travel, shipping, and the worldwide distribution of human hosts and mosquito vectors (traditionally Aedes aegypti but likely other Aedes species and possibly Culex … Zika virus is a virus related to dengue, West Nile, and other viruses. Being in tropical and subtropical areas increases your risk of exposure to the Zika virus. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27078190?tool=bestpractice.com American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Zika infections most commonly result from transmission through an infected mosquito. Davidson A, Slavinski S, Komoto K, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2019 Jan;13(1):e0007060. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Zika virus disrupts neural progenitor development and leads to microcephaly in mice. Type III interferons produced by human placental trophoblasts confer protection against Zika virus infection. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29641964?tool=bestpractice.com [64]Motta IJ, Spencer BR, Cordeiro da Silva SG, et al. Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-vectored flavivirus, was first isolated in 1947 from a sentinel research monkey caged in the Zika forest canopy within Uganda [ 1 , 2 ]. Evidence for transmission of Zika virus by platelet transfusion. 2019 Aug;25(8):1485-93. https://www.doi.org/10.3201/eid2508.190113, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31075077?tool=bestpractice.com. Lancet.2016 Jan 23;387(10016):335-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26777915?tool=bestpractice.com. However, this may not indicate the presence of infectious virus or be associated with the potential for sexual transmission. Its name comes from the Ziika Forest of Uganda, where the virus was first isolated in 1947. The virus is related to other flaviviruses including dengue virus, yellow fever virus, an http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27525286?tool=bestpractice.com, A case report of Guillain-Barre syndrome developing while the Zika virus was still present in serum suggests that the virus may exert its neurotropic effects by either direct neural injury or a rapid cellular-mediated response to the virus with cross-reactivity against peripheral nerves. pii: e00377-16. Cell Host Microbe. Zika virus infects neural progenitors in the adult mouse brain and alters proliferation. Further studies are required to understand the full spectrum of Zika-associated congenital abnormalities and their pathogenesis, including systematic exam of fetal and neonatal autopsy tissues and placental tissue from living infants with microcephaly. Potential mechanisms of Zika-linked microcephaly. 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343122/ In one in vitro study, a strain of Zika virus was serially passaged in monkey and mosquito cells and efficiently infected human neural progenitor cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. 2018 Apr 12;378(15):1377-1385. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1711038, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29641964?tool=bestpractice.com. The primary mode of Zika transmission is through mosquitoes in the genus Aedes. [113]Quicke KM, Bowen JR, Johnson EL, et al. Science. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21529401/ http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcibr1605445 Euro Surveill. 2017 Aug;17(8):2227-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28452113?tool=bestpractice.com. http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/zika/laboratory-testing/en/. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26754201?tool=bestpractice.com Arq Bras Oftalmol. Science. Anticipating the international spread of Zika virus from Brazil. Zika virus: What it is, symptoms, causes and treatment. Your doctor or other healthcare provider may order blood or urine tests to help determine if you have Zika. Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. 2017 Aug;23(8):1260-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27078057?tool=bestpractice.com http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27515384?tool=bestpractice.com. Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that was first identified in Uganda in 1947 in monkeys. [66]Raboni SM, Bonfim C, Almeida BM, et al. Krow-Lucal ER, Novosad SA, Dunn AC, et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2819875/ Currently, Zika virus is … Viruses. 2017 Apr 14;356(6334):175-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28360135?tool=bestpractice.com. N Engl J Med. The mechanism of transmission remains unknown, but was likely to be from person-to-person contact with the index patient. 2016 Jun 2;374(22):2142-51. http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1601824#t=article, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27028667?tool=bestpractice.com. Am J Transplant. Zika virus ( Flavivirus ) is a viral pathogen that causes Zika fever; the virus is transmitted to humans by mosquito bites or human to human by sexual contact and can be a cause of severe birth defects. When symptoms do occur, they usually begin two to 14 days after a person is bitten by an infected mosquito. Zika virus is an arthropod-borne flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes. March 2016 [internet publication]. Zika virus usually remains in the blood of an infected person for about a week. 2016 Sep-Oct;9(5):684-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26754201?tool=bestpractice.com. Emerg Infect Dis. In this regard, Zika is similar to related flaviviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile virus. Emerg Infect Dis. The biology of Zika virus. The global health community has a responsibility to research and develop a solution to solve this problem as we have little knowledge about the virus. Euro Surveill. The CDC recommends that all pregnant women avoid traveling to areas where there is an outbreak of the Zika virus. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):467-70. It was later identified in humans in 1968 for the first time in Nigeria. 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